Health risk factors

The researchers identified the following factors that put the chances of a long life at risk:

• Smoking
• Being overweight
• Consuming excessive alcohol
• High levels of blood sugar, triglycerides, and uric acid
• Lower education (did not graduate from high school)
• Poor physical fitness
• High blood pressure
• High hematocrit (a measure of the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood that can increase the chance of excessive blood clotting)
• Being unmarried

What you can do

Men who lived to age 85 without chronic disease or physical or cognitive impairment were considered “exceptional survivors.” Only 11% fit this category; fortunately, the lifestyle habits that helped them reach this age in good health are attainable by most people. Here are the steps men can take to increase their chances of a long, healthy life:

• Get regular exercise—Men in better physical condition live longer, healthier lives.
• Maintain a healthy weight—Leaner body mass is associated with longevity and also helps control blood sugar levels and keep blood pressure in check.
• Keep blood sugar levels in a healthy range—Men with better blood sugar control fare better when it comes to living longer. To improve regulation, avoid being overweight, exercise regularly, and steer clear of processed foods.
• Don’t smoke—Smoking elevates blood pressure, raises your risk of heart disease, and greatly increases the chance that you’ll get cancer or lung disease.
• Don’t drink too much alcohol—Men who drink three or more alcoholic drinks per day are less likely to reach old age in good health.
• Further your education—Men with more education are likelier to live longer, healthier lives.

By adopting some healthy lifestyle choices, you can expect to add some quality to your years.